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SF1/Steroidogenic Factor 1 [MD95]
Description Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1), also known as NR5A1, regulates multiple genes involved in the adrenal and gonadal development and in the biosynthesis of a variety of hormones, including adrenal and gonadal steroids, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), and gonadotropins. SF-1 belongs to the fushi tarazu factor-1 (FTZ-F1) subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors. In the adult ovary, SF-1 localizes to theca/interstitial cells. Overexpression or overactivity of SF-1 is also reported in some adrenal tumors or endometriosis. Therefore, the spectrum of phenotypes associated with variations in SF-1 is expanding and the importance of this nuclear receptor in human endocrine disease is now firmly established. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application ELISA, Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat -
SMAD4 (DPC4) [B-8]
Description Signaling from the ligand-activated membrane receptor serine/ threonine kinases to nuclear targets is mediated by a set of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as DCP4. Upon ligand binding, the receptors of the TGF-β family phosphorylate SMAD proteins (SMAD1 and SMAD 2). These proteins then move into the nucleus, where they activate transcription. To carry out this function, the receptor activated SMAD1 and 2 require association with the product of deleted in pancreatic carcinoma, locus 4 (DPC4), also known as SMAD4. SMAD4/DPC4 is also implicated as a tumor suppressor, since it is inactivated in more than half of pancreatic carcinomas and to a lesser extent in a variety of other cancers. The lack of SMAD4 expressionis is present in approximately 80% of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but rarely in endometrial (0%), colorectal (0%), ovarian (3%), lung (0%), breast (2% adenocarcinomas, and malignant melanoma (4%). SMAD4 is an important marker for confirming a diagnosis of pancreat Host Mouse Application ELISA, Flow cytometry (FC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat -
SMAD4 (DPC4) [B-8]
Description Signaling from the ligand-activated membrane receptor serine/ threonine kinases to nuclear targets is mediated by a set of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as DCP4. Upon ligand binding, the receptors of the TGF-β family phosphorylate SMAD proteins (SMAD1 and SMAD 2). These proteins then move into the nucleus, where they activate transcription. To carry out this function, the receptor activated SMAD1 and 2 require association with the product of deleted in pancreatic carcinoma, locus 4 (DPC4), also known as SMAD4. SMAD4/DPC4 is also implicated as a tumor suppressor, since it is inactivated in more than half of pancreatic carcinomas and to a lesser extent in a variety of other cancers. The lack of SMAD4 expressionis is present in approximately 80% of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but rarely in endometrial (0%), colorectal (0%), ovarian (3%), lung (0%), breast (2% adenocarcinomas, and malignant melanoma (4%). SMAD4 is an important marker for confirming a diagnosis of pancreat Host Mouse Application ELISA, Flow cytometry (FC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat -
Smoothelin [R4A]
Description Smoothelin is a constituent of the smooth muscle cell cytoskeleton protein exclusively found in differentiated smooth muscle cells (SMC). Cells with SMC-like characteristics, such as myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells, as well as skeletal and cardiac muscle do not contain smoothelin. Distinguishing between bladder muscularis mucosae (MM) and muscularis propria (MP) muscle bundles is crucial for accurate staging of bladder carcinoma. Strong smoothelin expression is nearly exclusively observed in muscularis propria. The staining pattern of MP (strongly positive) and MM (negative or weakly positive) makes this technique an attractive diagnostic tool for the sometimes difficult task of staging bladder urothelial carcinoma, such as in transurethral resection specimens of urinary bladder tumors. Differentiating between smooth muscle tumors and other mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract can be challenging in small biopsies. Anti-smoothelin immunostaining can be helpful in differentiating Host Mouse Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken -
Smoothelin [R4A]
Description Smoothelin is a constituent of the smooth muscle cell cytoskeleton protein exclusively found in differentiated smooth muscle cells (SMC). Cells with SMC-like characteristics, such as myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells, as well as skeletal and cardiac muscle do not contain smoothelin. Distinguishing between bladder muscularis mucosae (MM) and muscularis propria (MP) muscle bundles is crucial for accurate staging of bladder carcinoma. Strong smoothelin expression is nearly exclusively observed in muscularis propria. The staining pattern of MP (strongly positive) and MM (negative or weakly positive) makes this technique an attractive diagnostic tool for the sometimes difficult task of staging bladder urothelial carcinoma, such as in transurethral resection specimens of urinary bladder tumors. Differentiating between smooth muscle tumors and other mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract can be challenging in small biopsies. Anti-smoothelin immunostaining can be helpful in differentiating Host Mouse Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken -
Somatostatin Receptor Type 2/SSTR2 [A8]
Description Somatostatin is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system and affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors and inhibition of the release of numerous secondary hormones. This hormone has two active forms produced by alternative cleavage of a single preproprotein: somatostatin-14, composed of 14 amino acids and somatostatin-28, a prohormone composed of 28 residues. Somatostatin is secreted by D-cells of the islets of Langerhans in pancreas, endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchopulmonary system, thymus, and C cells of the thyroid. Somatostatin positive cells may also be present in medullary thyroid carcinomas, C cell hyperplasia, thymic tumors and pulmonary small cell carcinomas. An antibody to Somatostatin can be used to identify pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia as well as islet cell tumors, such as somatostatinomas. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application ELISA, Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat -
Somatostatin Receptor Type 2/SSTR2 [A8]
Description Somatostatin is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system and affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors and inhibition of the release of numerous secondary hormones. This hormone has two active forms produced by alternative cleavage of a single preproprotein: somatostatin-14, composed of 14 amino acids and somatostatin-28, a prohormone composed of 28 residues. Somatostatin is secreted by D-cells of the islets of Langerhans in pancreas, endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchopulmonary system, thymus, and C cells of the thyroid. Somatostatin positive cells may also be present in medullary thyroid carcinomas, C cell hyperplasia, thymic tumors and pulmonary small cell carcinomas. An antibody to Somatostatin can be used to identify pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia as well as islet cell tumors, such as somatostatinomas. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application ELISA, Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat -
SOX9 [MD19R]
Description Sox9 is a transcription factor with an HMG-box DNA binding domain that has homology to the HMG domain of the mammalian testis-determining factor, SRY. Sox9 regulates several important processes during embryonic development including chondrogenesis, during which it contributes to skeletal formation and digit specification. Sox9 also coordinates with steroidogenic factor-1 to direct Sertoli cell-specific expression of anti-Mullerian hormone during embryogenesis, thereby contributing to male sex determination. In addition, Sox9 is reportedly involved in the maintenance of adult stem cell populations, including multipotent neural stem cells, hair follicle stem cells, and mammary stem cells. Recent interest has focused on the role of Sox9 in tumor biology. For example, research studies have shown that Sox9 expression in lung adenocarcinoma induces a mesenchymal phenotype in tumor cells. Other research studies have shown that YAP1 induced upregulation of Sox9 confers cancer stem cell like pr Host Rabbit Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse -
SOX9 [MD19R]
Description Sox9 is a transcription factor with an HMG-box DNA binding domain that has homology to the HMG domain of the mammalian testis-determining factor, SRY. Sox9 regulates several important processes during embryonic development including chondrogenesis, during which it contributes to skeletal formation and digit specification. Sox9 also coordinates with steroidogenic factor-1 to direct Sertoli cell-specific expression of anti-Mullerian hormone during embryogenesis, thereby contributing to male sex determination. In addition, Sox9 is reportedly involved in the maintenance of adult stem cell populations, including multipotent neural stem cells, hair follicle stem cells, and mammary stem cells. Recent interest has focused on the role of Sox9 in tumor biology. For example, research studies have shown that Sox9 expression in lung adenocarcinoma induces a mesenchymal phenotype in tumor cells. Other research studies have shown that YAP1 induced upregulation of Sox9 confers cancer stem cell like pr Host Rabbit Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse -
STAT1/ISGF3 [EPR21057-141]
Description STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) or ISGF3 is involved in upregulating genes due to a signal by either type I, type II, or type III interferons. STAT1 may be a target for therapeutic treatment to restore apoptotic mechanisms and sensitivity to chemotherapy. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize, associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of interferon stimulated genes, which drive the cell in an antiviral state. The phosphorylated STAT1 is a potential predictor of interferon (IFN) response for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Mutations in the gene is associated with death at an early age due to overwhelming viral infection (complete STAT1 deficiency. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Rabbit Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections (IHC-P), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat